How to Grow Cantaloupe: 9 Tips for Growing Cantaloupe

Cantaloupe thrives in warm weather and needs a long growing season; great news for desert dwellers. Learn how to grow cantaloupe, and add this tasty fruit to your garden and table.

Once cantaloupe is picked, it continues to ripen but does not get any sweeter. When you grow your own cantaloupe, you can pick it at the peak of sweetness. It is so good! 

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9 Tips for How to Grow Cantaloupe

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1. Choose the best location

Cantaloupe prefers a sunny location with well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Amend the soil with compost and a balanced organic fertilizer prior to planting. 

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2. Choose a cantaloupe type suited to your needs

• Ambrosia – sweet variety; resistant to powdery mildew.
• Mini Sugar Cube – disease resistant; small fruits; only 75 days to harvest.
• Hale’s Best Jumbo * – sweet and large; only 80 days to harvest.
• Planter’s Jumbo – does best in hot climates; resistant to powdery mildew.
• Chimayo Melon – Spanish heirloom from New Mexico.
• Hearts of Gold * – Old fashioned variety with sweet flavor; only 80 days to harvest.
• Minnesota Midget – Short-season variety; compact vines. 

* = My favorite varieties to grow in the low desert of Arizona.

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3. Plant cantaloupe at the correct time

Cantaloupe prefers warm weather, so don’t plant it before temperatures have warmed in the spring. Cantaloupe does best when direct sown. Sow seeds outside about 2 weeks after the last frost date when soil temperatures are about 65℉. In the low desert of Arizona, the best time to plant cantaloupe is from February 15 through July. 

In cooler zones, start seeds indoors about 3 weeks before the last frost date, and transplant outside when the soil is at least 65℉ and nighttime temperatures are above 50℉. Be careful not to disturb roots when planting to avoid transplant shock.

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4. Reduce chances for pests and disease

• Rotate where you plant cantaloupe and members of the cucumber family (Cucurbitaceae), such as other melons, squash, or pumpkins.
• Once fruits have formed, raise them up off the ground with melon cradles or pots; this increases air circulation and helps with rot and insects. 
• Grow cantaloupe vertically; they love to climb. Use a melon hammock to support the hanging fruit if desired, but it often isn’t necessary. 
• If powdery mildew is a problem, consider growing Ambrosia or other disease-resistant varieties. 
• Inspect leaf undersides daily for aphids and other pests. Consider spraying with water or treating with insecticidal soap if problem persists. Read this post for more ideas for pest control. 

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5. Give cantaloupe plenty of room to grow

• Thin seedlings and keep only the strongest seedling in each group. 
• Space plants 24-36 inches apart if left to sprawl on the ground. 
• Space plants about 12 inches apart if growing up a trellis. 
• If using square foot gardening methods, allow 2-3 square feet for each plant. 

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6. Care for cantaloupe correctly throughout the growing season

• Mulch cantaloupe plants to help retain moisture, regulate temperature, control weeds, and keep fruit clean.
• Water in the morning and avoid getting water on leaves, which can encourage disease. 
• Fertilize when vines begin growing. 
• Be on the lookout for bees. Male flowers will appear first, followed by female flowers. If female fruit withers and dies, consider hand-pollinating future blooms. 

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7. Learn how to grow cantaloupe that is sweet and full of flavor

• Don’t overwater while fruit is growing. Too much water (or rain) produces bland-tasting fruit.
• Pick off additional fruit once several fruits have formed. Ripening only one fruit at a time maximizes sweetness. The more fruit ripening on a vine at the same time, the less sweet it will be.
• Do not prune off leaves or shoots. The leaves produce the sugars which sweeten the fruits. 
• About a week before melons are ripe, cut back watering as much as possible to concentrate the fruit’s sugars. 
• Harvest cantaloupe at the right time (see chart below). 

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8. Harvest cantaloupe at the right time

Cantaloupe will continue to soften once picked, but it won’t get any sweeter. Leaving it on the vine as long as possible gives you the sweetest flavor.

Not Ready to Harvest	Ready to Harvest	Overripe
Rind is green or gray	Rind is yellow	Fruit cracks
“Netting” on cantaloupe is smooth	“Netting” on cantaloupe becomes rough
Stem has to be forcibly removed from melon	Stem easily separates from melon	Fruit falls off stem
End opposite of stem is hard	End opposite of stem is slightly soft; rind has a little “give”	Fruit is mushy or soft
No aroma	Musky, sweet aroma	Rotten or overripe smell
Green vines	Tendrils around fruit dry out and turn brown

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9. Don’t let cantaloupe harvests go to waste

Melons last 3-5 days if left at room temperature. Uncut cantaloupe stored at 45℉ to 50℉ lasts up to 2 weeks. Once fruit is cut, it will keep for about 3 days in the refrigerator.

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