What grows in low desert Arizona gardens in January? I’ll show you. All of these pictures come from my garden in Mesa, Arizona.
Low desert includes elevations below 3500 ft in the Southwest, such as the Phoenix and Tucson metro areas.
We garden in many parts of Arizona year-round, but we can’t grow everything all year. Take a look at what’s growing this month, and let me know what’s growing in your garden in the comments.

Disclaimer: This post may contain affiliate links. See my disclosure policy for more information.
“Anyone who thinks gardening begins in the spring and ends in the fall is missing the best part of the whole year. For gardening begins in January with the dream.”
– Josephine Nuese
Low Desert Arizona Garden in January
January is often the coldest time in the low desert Arizona garden. Although it’s colder, it doesn’t mean you should stay inside this month. There are important garden tasks that need to be done this month, such as pruning roses and fruit trees (see a list of garden tasks for January below). Harvests from fall plantings continue throughout the month as you plan for your spring and summer garden.
Keep reading for garden inspiration, a January garden checklist, and a list of vegetables, herbs, and flowers to plant in your Arizona garden in January.

Vegetables growing in the low desert Arizona garden in January

Kale is a superstar in the Arizona garden in January. Keep harvesting for a continuous supply. Frosty nights will sweeten the taste of kale. Grow several varieties of kale in your garden.

Broccoli harvests begin in earnest this month. Hopefully you succession planted so you can have a continuous harvest all month. Plant transplants through the end of January.


If you aren’t growing asparagus, consider dedicating a 4 foot by 4 foot raised bed for growing it. January is a great time to plant asparagus.
If you are growing asparagus, January is the time to cut back the dormant fronds and amend the bed with a 5 inch layer of compost.

Tips for growing flowers in the low desert Arizona garden in January

Cool season annual flowers and wildflowers planted from September through December are beginning to bloom this month and should continue blooming through March. Water cool-season annuals 4 to 6 inches deep about once a week.

Want better blooms on your seed-grown annuals? Thin them to where each plant’s leaves are touching one another when the plant is 3-4 inches tall. Don’t remove the entire plant; trim the plant to be removed at ground level with snippers. Keep the area weeded and fertilize late in January.
Read this article to learn how to grow alyssum.

When choosing cool-season annual flowers in Arizona, look for:
- annuals rated for zones 8 or higher
- tropical or sub-tropical plants
- heat-tolerant plants
- drought-tolerant plants
- plants that do well in other yards/gardens where you live
Most annuals will do well in our cooler winter and spring seasons when chosen carefully. As temperatures heat up, these annuals will die. Keep a garden journal of what worked in the past and what didn’t.

Flowers to Plant Outside & Seeds to Start Indoors Each Month in the Low Desert of Arizona.
• PLANTING GUIDE: Each month lists annual flowers and bulbs to plant outside & seeds to start indoors.
• BLOOMING GUIDE: Photos show what may be in bloom that month.

Fruit trees in the low desert Arizona garden in January
- Plant bare-root fruit trees this month. Look for trees that have low chill hours (less than 400), mature early, and self-pollinate.
- Deciduous fruit trees should be pruned before bud break this month.

This Fruit Planting Guide lists several fruit trees that do well in the low desert of Arizona.

Blood oranges and grapefruit citrus are ripening this month. Best way to test for sweetness? Pick one and try it! Water established citrus once every 3-4 weeks in January.
Trying to decide which variety to plant next month? This article will help you decide.

Herbs in the low desert Arizona garden in January

Parsley is an annual herb that grows well in the cool-season and until it gets hot in the summer. Harvest often.

Garlic chives are a reliable perennial herb in Arizona. Consider finding a spot to tuck them in and around your garden this month. If you have garlic chives in your garden, January is a good time to cut back and divide the overgrown clumps.
Read this article for more information about how to grow garlic chives.

Low desert Arizona garden in January to-do list:
- If you didn’t start seeds indoors for tomatoes, eggplant, melons and peppers in December, get them started this month. The seedlings will be ready to plant by February or March.
- Continue planning for February and March plantings. This is seed catalog season; get ideas you would like to try and order seeds. My favorite seed companies with great catalogs are Baker Creek Seeds, Botanical Interests, and Seed Saver Exchange. Look at your garden and plan where you will plant everything. Research different varieties to see which do well in Arizona. A good rule of thumb is to look for short-season crops. Be sure to rotate where you plant each year.
- Are you going to grow sweet potatoes this year? Start your own sweet potato slips so they will be ready to plant in March. This article explains how to start sweet potato slips.
- Buy organic turmeric and ginger for planting out in March. Learn how to pre-sprout ginger and turmeric in this blog post.
- Plant spring flowering annuals this month. (See list below)
- Plant pre-chilled (at least 6 weeks in fridge) tulip and hyacinth bulbs this month.
- Plant cold-tolerant trees, bushes, and perennials and be sure to protect new plants from freezing temperatures.
- January in Arizona is a good time to plant deciduous fruit trees. Look for varieties which require less than 400 chill hours, have early maturing fruit, and are self pollinating.
- Bare-root roses are in-stock at local nurseries – it’s a great time to plant roses.
- This is the last month to plant strawberries. Space strawberries 12 inches apart. Plant strawberries with crown of plant above soil line. Mulch and water strawberries well.
- January in the low desert of Arizona is a good month to propagate succulents so they establish roots before summer heat.
- Wait until mid-to-late February to plant frost-sensitive plants such as lantana and hibiscus.
- Begin planting blackberries at the end of the month.

Watering:
- If we get a heavy rain, trees and shrubs may not need supplemental watering. If not, water shrubs and trees no more than once every 14-28 days. Wateruseitwisely.com is a helpful resource for landscape watering guidelines.
- Do not over-water annual plants this month. Water to a depth of about 6 inches, and allow top of soil to dry out before watering again.
- Check containers with a moisture meter or make sure top inch or so of soil has dried out before watering.
- Water established citrus trees once every 3-4 weeks.
- Water established fruit trees once every 10-14 days.

Pruning:
- Frost-tender plants such as hibiscus and lantana should not be pruned this month.
- Prune established roses this month. Clean up all fallen leaves and debris from around roses to discourage disease and insects.
- Prune dead branches out of cold-hardy trees and shrubs.
- If deciduous fruit trees have been slow to drop leaves, remove any remaining leaves to encourage dormancy.
- Deciduous fruit trees should be pruned before bud break this month. Prune dead, diseased, broken and crossing branches and water sprouts (branches shooting straight up from limbs of trees). Consider treating fruit trees with horticultural oil before bud break as well.
- Do not prune citrus trees in January.

Fertilizing:
- Fertilize deciduous fruit trees at the end of this month. Water well before and after fertilizing.
- Fertilize established fig trees in January. Aged manure is a wonderful way to feed figs.

Protect from freezing temperatures (below 32 degrees F.):
- Have burlap or frost cloth on hand to protect newly-planted citrus, small lemon and lime trees, and other frost-sensitive plants from frost.
- Plants in containers are more susceptible to freezing temperatures than ground ones.
- If freezing temperatures are expected, water citrus trees deeply to help protect them from frost.

Yard clean-up:
- Clean-up around fruit trees. Decayed fruit is inviting for pests.
- Save all the fallen leaves. Bag leaves and let them begin to decompose; then spread them on plants as leaf mulch in spring. If you compost, they are a great addition to the compost pile.

What to plant in the Arizona garden in January:

Vegetables, Herbs & Fruit to plant in the low desert in January
(Click the link to read “How to Grow” articles on my website.)
- Comfrey (ST)
- Dill (S)
- Fava Bean (S)
- Fennel (S)
- Garbanzo (S)
- Garlic Chives (T)
- Kale (T)
- Kohlrabi (T)
- Lavender (T)
- Leeks (T)
- Lentil (S)
- Lettuce/Endive (ST)
- Mustard (ST)
- Onion (Bulb) (T)
- Onion (Green) (S)
- Parsley (ST)
- Peas (S)
- Potato (seed potato)
- Radish (S)
- Rutabaga (S)
- Spinach (ST)
- Strawberry (T)
- Swiss Chard (ST)
- Turnip (S)
- Wheat (S)
SEED, TRANSPLANT, OR BOTH? S = Seed T= Transplant

- PLANTING GUIDE: Each month lists vegetables, fruit & herbs to plant outside & seeds to start indoors.
- HARVEST GUIDE: Photos show what may be ready to harvest that month.
- Planting dates are for the low desert of Arizona (zone 9b).
Vegetable, herb, and fruit seeds to start indoors during January

(Click the link for seed sources.)
- Papalo
- Pepper
- Sesame
- Summer Squash
- Sweet Potato (start slips)
- Swiss Chard
- Tomatillo
- Tomato
- Turmeric (pre-sprout)
Flowers to plant in the low desert in January

(Click the link to read “How to Grow” articles on my website.)
- Geranium (T)
- Gladiolus (corm)
- Hyacinth (bulb)
- Hybrid Tulip (bulb)
- Larkspur (S)
- Lisianthus (T)
- Pansies (T)
- Petunia (T)
- Snapdragon (T)
- Stock (T)
- Strawflower (ST)
- Sweet Peas (ST)
Flower seeds to start indoors in the low desert in January

(Click the link for seed sources.)

Flowers to Plant Outside & Seeds to Start Indoors Each Month in the Low Desert of Arizona.
• PLANTING GUIDE: Each month lists annual flowers and bulbs to plant outside & seeds to start indoors.
• BLOOMING GUIDE: Photos show what may be in bloom that month.

Want more information about gardening in Arizona? This blog post shares 7 tips for how to grow a vegetable garden in Arizona.
If you found this post about Arizona gardening in January helpful, please share it:



Jossie
Sunday 15th of January 2023
By far the best growing guide for desert planting! I live right on the state line of AZ and NV and it’s usually difficult to find such a detailed guide for our zone. Thank you for sharing your wealth of knowledge! I’m resetting my garden this season with greenhouses and am excited to use your guides in helping me keep a year round harvest!
Angela Judd
Monday 16th of January 2023
Thank you! Best of luck to you this year.
Sandra
Friday 6th of January 2023
Nothing can be grown outdoors at the 7,000 foot level in Eagar, Arizona near the White Mountains. A greenhouse might work if it can withstand the strong winds here. Coming from the Northwest (Oregon) I find that little grows in this area, so Arizona areas below the 3,500 foot level would surely grow very nice produce and fruit. Still hard to beat the climate and soils for great produce and fruit tree growing in the great Northwest . . .
Aiden
Friday 6th of January 2023
Just this morning found you on YouTube exploring gardening in Arizona. I am in AJ at the foot of the mountain and spend every spring with high hopes and enthusiasm, spends lots of dollars and wind up with two cherry tomatoes and a wilted zucchini for all my treasure and effort. Now that I have found you I am hoping for a better success rate!
Aiden, who wishes she was a gardener
Angela Judd
Tuesday 10th of January 2023
Hi Aiden. Welcome, and best of luck to you on your gardening journey!
Karl
Sunday 1st of January 2023
Love your website .one of the best for growing in the desert. I live and grow in Gold Canyon. I have been gardening in AZ. Since the 60s. started an organic illegal grow. Got serious about growing veggies in the 70s. started adding the now legal grow for my wifes MS. funny how it all comes around. I now grow tomatoes all year round except july-aug. greens and melons ,beans. my backyard looks very similiar with raised beds evrywhere. Any way your content is tops in the genre regards Kark
Angela Judd
Sunday 1st of January 2023
Thanks, Karl. I dream of living out in Gold Canyon - it's so beautiful. Enjoy your garden, and thank you so much for the kind words. Feel free to share any tips or knowledge with me - you've been doing this much longer than I have!